Insights for critical industries

The people who run industrial systems rarely have cybersecurity skills, and the people with cybersecurity skills rarely understand OT. This guide covers governance, training pathways, vendor access controls, and a 90-day starting plan — with lessons from real-world incidents including Norsk Hydro, Colonial Pipeline, and TRITON.

You cannot protect what you cannot see. Most OT operators have significant gaps in their asset inventory — undocumented legacy PLCs, shadow devices, and forgotten remote access paths. This guide covers passive discovery techniques, criticality-based classification, and how to build an inventory that actually stays current.

NIS2 is not an IT regulation with an OT footnote — it directly targets critical infrastructure operators and creates binding obligations for how OT environments are secured. This guide covers which sectors are in scope, the ten minimum security controls, how IEC 62443 maps to NIS2 requirements, and a phased compliance roadmap.

Remote access from vendors, contractors, and OEM support teams is the most commonly exploited OT attack vector — and most environments still rely on shared VPN credentials. This guide covers Zero Trust remote access architecture, just-in-time provisioning, session recording, and vendor access governance that satisfies NIS2 supply chain requirements.

Connecting IT and OT networks unlocks real business value — better visibility, predictive maintenance, remote monitoring. It also collapses the air gap that historically protected industrial systems. This guide covers the governance, architecture, and organisational model that make convergence work safely.

AI agents that can plan, decide, and act autonomously are moving from research to production in industrial settings. This guide covers the architecture of agentic AI systems in OT environments, the governance frameworks that keep autonomous action bounded, and a practical deployment approach that starts with read-only observation before escalating to control.

AI delivers measurable ROI in OT environments today — not in some future state. This guide covers the three use cases with the clearest payback (predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, process optimisation), how to map them to Purdue model levels, and a realistic assessment of what it takes to move from pilot to production.

Most AI pilots in OT environments fail for the same reason: the underlying architecture was not ready. This guide covers the four architectural prerequisites — unified data ingestion, event-driven interfaces, zero-touch device provisioning, and OT microsegmentation — that determine whether an AI deployment succeeds or stalls in pilot.

AI is both the most powerful attack tool adversaries have ever had and the strongest defensive tool available. Attackers are already using it to accelerate exploitation, personalise phishing at scale, and automate OT reconnaissance. This guide covers the AI-driven defensive architecture — passive detection, SIEM correlation, and AI-assisted incident response — that keeps pace with the threat.